A Role Of Sonnys Blues - Free Essay Example

Sonnys Blues was a story that can be easily resonated with for some people. The boy by which the story is named for, Sonny, had lived a very troublesome and somewhat lonely life. His older brother was the narrator of the story and only wanted the best for Sonny who was seven years younger than he was. Sonny had faced many trials throughout the story including drug abuse, his decision to join the navy, and trying to start a career in music. His older brother was caring to the best of his ability, though many times he just didnt know how to react with some of Sonnys words and actions. They do their best to see each others points of view and sometimes it works better than others. In the beginning of the story, the narrator led the reader to believe something terrible had happened. At first, nobody had a clue as to what had happened or to whom, but were given an insight on what the narrator was feeling in regards to this. He described it as a great block of ice that had settled in his stomach, melted, and sent ice water through his veins. This became a recurring feeling for him. Soon, we learn that Sonny is his younger brother who is struggling with heroin addiction. There was a boy that met the narrator as he was leaving work, ready to inform him about Sonnys state. Sonnys brother had already known because of an article in a newspaper, but the two stayed chatting and the boy had answered a lot of the brothers questions. Sonny and his brother had written letters to each other until Sonny made it back to New York after rehab. His brother described him as looking older and thinner than the Sonny he once knew. Sonny had lived with his brother and his fami ly for a short time until there was a falling out. One day, Sonnys brother had asked him what he planned on doing in his future. Sonny replied with a simple Im going to be a musician. His brother was not sure how to respond so he asked a few more questions. Questions like: You mean, you want to be a drummer? and What kind of musician do you want to be? He ended up working it out of Sonny. Sonny told him we wanted to play jazz music with what their daddy had called good-time people. Sonny had made it clear that he was serious about a career in music, whether or not his brother was going to accept his decision. His brother had said it was time for get serious about his future and what he was going to do for a living. Sonny had finally said he had wanted to join the Army or the Navy, this way, he could get out of Harlem and still have the G.I. bill waiting for him when he came out. Soon after, Sonnys brother convinced him to start going back to school. Sonny agreed and also started playing the piano. Day and night, in between me als. He became better each day and even bought records that allowed him to practice improvisation with the music. Come to find out, Sonny had stopped going to school all together. Every letter that had come, Sonny had gotten rid of. Once Sonnys brother and his wife Isabel found out about this, they were very upset. After they had scolded Sonny, he packed up his records and left without a trace. Nobody had heard from him until he had sent a postcard from somewhere in Greece. He had decided to join the Navy. His brother hadnt seen him until long after the war was over, and even then, Sonny was not the same person. He had told his brother to not worry about him and as far as Sonny was concerned, he was dead in this life to his brother. Sonnys brother was crushed as he was leaving the apartment. They didnt talk for a while after that until Sonny went to his brothers house after a revival. He had invited his brother to watch a gig he had in a downtown club. His brother went with him willingly and finally came to realize how much it meant to Sonny. Sonnys music mattered to him a great deal at that point in his life. This was how he was making a living. His brother had listened to Sonny and his band play Am I Blue and at that moment, his brother realized how deeply someone could be moved through the music. Sonnys brother was able to create a story out of the blues by just listening intently. His brother had bought a round for the bandstand and the pair was at peace in their relationship once more.

Biography of Al Capone, Prohibition Era Crime Boss

Al Capone (January 17, 1899–January 25, 1947) was a notorious gangster who ran an organized crime syndicate in Chicago during the 1920s, taking advantage of the era of Prohibition. Capone, who was both charming and charitable as well as powerful and vicious, became an iconic figure of the successful American gangster. Fast Facts: Al Capone Known For: Notorious gangster in Chicago during ProhibitionBorn: January 17, 1899 in Brooklyn, New YorkParents: Gabriele and Teresina (Teresa) CaponeDied: January 25, 1947 in Miami, FloridaEducation: Left grade school at 14Spouse: Mary Mae CoughlinChildren: Albert Francis Capone Early Life Al Capone (Alphonse Capone, and known as Scarface) was born on January 17, 1899, in Brooklyn, New York, to Italian immigrants Gabriele and Teresina (Teresa) Capone and was the fourth of their nine children. From all known accounts, Capones childhood was a normal one. His father was a barber and his mother stayed home with the children. They were a tight-knit Italian family trying to succeed in their new country. Like many immigrant families at the time, the Capone children often dropped out of school early to help earn money for the family. Al Capone stayed in school until he was 14 and then left to take a number of odd jobs. Around the same time, Capone joined a street gang called the South Brooklyn Rippers and then later the Five Points Juniors. These were groups of teenagers who roamed the streets, protected their turf from rival gangs, and sometimes carried out petty crimes like stealing cigarettes. Scarface It was through the Five Points gang that Al Capone came to the attention of brutal New York mobster Frankie Yale. In 1917, 18-year-old Capone went to work for Yale at the Harvard Inn as a bartender and as a waiter and bouncer when needed. Capone watched and learned as Yale used violence to maintain control over his empire. One day while working at the Harvard Inn, Capone saw a man and woman sitting at a table. After his initial advances were ignored, Capone went up to the good-looking woman and whispered in her ear, Honey, you have a nice ass and I mean that as a compliment. The man with her was her brother, Frank Gallucio. Defending his sisters honor, Gallucio punched Capone. However, Capone didnt let it end there; he decided to fight back. Gallucio then took out a knife and slashed at Capones face, managing to cut Capones left cheek three times (one of which cut Capone from ear to mouth). The scars left from this attack led to Capones nickname of Scarface, a name he personally hated. Family Life Not long after this attack, Al Capone met Mary (Mae) Coughlin, who was pretty, blonde, middle-class, and came from a respectable Irish family. A few months after they started dating, Mae became pregnant. Al Capone and Mae got married on December 30, 1918, three weeks after their son (Albert Francis Capone, a.k.a. Sonny) was born. Sonny was to remain Capones only child. Throughout the rest of his life, Al Capone kept his family and his business interests completely separate. Capone was a doting father and husband, taking great care in keeping his family safe, cared for, and out of the spotlight. However, despite his love for his family, Capone did have a number of mistresses over the years. Plus, unknown to him at the time, Capone contracted syphilis from a prostitute before he met Mae. Since the symptoms of syphilis can disappear quickly, Capone had no idea that he still had the sexually transmitted disease or that it would so greatly affect his health in later years. Chicago About 1920, Capone left the East Coast and headed to Chicago. He was looking for a fresh start working for Chicago crime boss Johnny Torrio. Unlike Yale who used violence to run his racket, Torrio was a sophisticated gentleman who preferred cooperation and negotiation to rule his crime organization. Capone was to learn a lot from Torrio. Capone started out in Chicago as a manager for the Four Deuces, a place where clients could drink and gamble downstairs or visit prostitutes upstairs. Capone did well in this position and worked hard to earn Torrios respect. Soon Torrio had increasingly important jobs for Capone and by 1922, Capone had risen up the ranks in Torrios organization. When William E. Dever, an honest man, took over as Chicagos mayor in 1923, Torrio decided to avoid the mayors attempts to curb crime by moving his headquarters to the Chicago suburb of Cicero. It was Capone who made this happen. Capone established speakeasies, brothels, and gambling joints. Capone also worked diligently to get all the important city officials on his payroll. It didnt take long for Capone to own Cicero. Capone had more than proven his worth to Torrio and it wasnt long before Torrio handed over the entire organization to Capone. Crime Boss Following the November 1924 murder of Dion OBanion (an associate of Torrio and Capones who had become untrustworthy), Torrio and Capone were seriously hunted by one of OBanions vengeful friends. Fearing for his life, Capone drastically upgraded everything about his personal safety, including surrounding himself with bodyguards and ordering a bulletproof Cadillac sedan. Torrio, on the other hand, did not greatly change his routine and on January 12, 1925, he was savagely attacked just outside his home. Nearly killed, Torrio decided to retire and hand his entire organization over to Capone in March 1925. Capone had learned well from Torrio and soon proved himself to be an extremely successful crime boss. Capone as a Celebrity Gangster Al Capone, only 26 years old, was now in charge of a very large crime organization that included brothels, nightclubs, dance halls, race tracks, gambling establishments, restaurants, speakeasies, breweries, and distilleries. As a major crime boss in Chicago, Capone put himself in the publics eye. In Chicago, Capone became an outlandish character. He dressed in colorful suits, wore a white fedora hat, proudly displayed his 11.5-carat diamond pinky ring, and would often pull out his huge roll of bills while out in public places. It was hard not to notice Al Capone. Capone was also known for his generosity. He would frequently tip a waiter $100, had standing orders in Cicero to hand out coal and clothes to the needy during the cold winters, and opened some of the first soup kitchens during the Great Depression. There were also numerous stories of how Capone would personally help out when he heard a hard-luck story, such as a woman considering turning to prostitution to help her family or a young kid who couldnt go to college because of the high cost of tuition. Capone was so generous to the average citizen that some even considered him a modern-day Robin Hood. Cold-Blooded Killer As much as the average citizen considered Capone to be a generous benefactor and local celebrity, Capone was also a cold-blooded killer. Although the exact numbers will never be known, it is believed that Capone personally murdered dozens of people and ordered the killing of hundreds of others. One such example of Capone handling things personally occurred in the spring of 1929. Capone had learned that three of his associates planned to betray him, so he invited all three to a huge banquet. After the three unsuspecting men had eaten heartily and drank their fill, Capones bodyguards quickly tied them to their chairs. Capone then picked up a baseball bat and began hitting them, breaking bone after bone. When Capone was done with them, the three men were shot in the head and their bodies dumped out of town. The most famous example of a hit believed to be ordered by Capone was the February 14, 1929 assassination now called the St. Valentines Day Massacre. On that day, Capones Henchman Machine Gun Jack McGurn attempted to lure rival crime leader George Bugs Moran into a garage and kill him. The ruse was actually quite elaborate and would have been completely successful if Moran hadnt been running a few minutes late. Still, seven of Morans top men were gunned down in that garage. Tax Evasion Despite committing murder and other crimes for years, it was the St. Valentines Day Massacre that brought Capone to the attention of the federal government. When President Herbert Hoover learned about Capone, Hoover personally pushed for Capones arrest. The federal government had a two-pronged attack plan. One part of the plan included collecting evidence of Prohibition violations as well as shutting down Capones illegal businesses. Treasury agent Eliot Ness and his group of Untouchables were to enact this part of the plan by frequently raiding Capones breweries and speakeasies. The forced shut down, plus the confiscation of all that was found, severely hurt Capones business—and his pride. The second part of the governments plan was to find evidence of Capone not paying taxes on his massive income. Capone had been careful over the years to run his businesses with cash only or through third parties. However, the IRS found an incriminating ledger and some witnesses who were able to testify against Capone. On October 6, 1931, Capone was brought to trial. He was charged with 22 counts of tax evasion and 5,000 violations of the Volstead Act (the main Prohibition law). The first trial focused only on the tax evasion charges. On October 17, Capone was found guilty of only five of the 22 tax evasion charges. The judge, not wanting Capone to get off easily, sentenced Capone to 11 years in prison, $50,000 in fines, and court costs totaling $30,000. Capone was completely shocked. He had thought he could bribe the jury and get away with these charges just like he had dozens of others. He had no idea that this was to be the end of his reign as a crime boss. He was only 32 years old. Alcatraz When most high-ranking gangsters went to prison, they usually bribed the warden and prison guards in order to make their stay behind bars plush with amenities. Capone was not that lucky. The government wanted to make an example of him. After his appeal was denied, Capone was taken to the Atlanta Penitentiary in Georgia on May 4, 1932. When rumors leaked out that Capone had been receiving special treatment there, he was chosen to be one of the first inmates at the new maximum security prison at Alcatraz in San Francisco. When Capone arrived at Alcatraz in August 1934, he became prisoner number 85. There were no bribes and no amenities at Alcatraz. Capone was in a new prison with the most violent of criminals, many of whom wanted to challenge the tough gangster from Chicago. However, just as daily life became more brutal for him, his body began to suffer from the long-term effects of syphilis. Over the next several years, Capone began to grow increasingly disoriented, experienced convulsions, slurred speech, and a shuffling walk. His mind quickly deteriorated. After spending four-and-a-half years at Alcatraz, Capone was transferred on January 6, 1939, to a hospital at the Federal Correctional Institution in Los Angeles. A few months after that Capone was transferred to a penitentiary in Lewisburg, Pennsylvania. On November 16, 1939, Capone was paroled. Retirement and Death Capone had tertiary syphilis, which could not be healed. However, Capones wife Mae took him to a number of different doctors. Despite many novel attempts at a cure, Capones mind continued to degenerate. Capone spent his remaining years in quiet retirement at his estate in Miami, Florida while his health slowly got worse. On January 19, 1947, Capone suffered a stroke. After developing pneumonia, Capone died on January 25, 1947, of cardiac arrest at age 48. Sources Capeci, Dominic J. Al Capone: Symbol of a Ballyhoo Society. The Journal of Ethnic Studies 2.33–50 (1975).Haller, Mark H. Organized Crime in Urban Society: Chicago in the Twentieth Century. Journal of Social History 5.2 (1971): 210–34.Iorizzo, Luciano J. Al Capone: A Biography. Greenwood Biographies. Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Press, 2003.

Essay on Interpreting the Constitution - 1872 Words

nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;When the Federalist party was organized in 1791, those people who favored a strong central government and a loose constitutional interpretation coagulated and followed the ideals of men such as Alexander Hamilton. The first opposition political party in the United States was the Republican party, which held power, nationally, between 1801 and 1825. Those who were in favor of states rights and a strict construction of the constitution fell under the leadership of Thomas Jefferson. These Jeffersonian republicans, also known as anti-federalists, believed in strict adherence to the writings of the constitution. They wanted state’s rights and individual rights, which they believed could only be granted under†¦show more content†¦nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;From early times in his public career, Jefferson was the subject of attacks on religious grounds. Although he kept his opinions regarding religion very much to himself, and considered this a very private concern his insistence of the complete separation of church and state was well-known. In a now famous letter to Danbury Baptists, Thomas Jefferson wrote â€Å"Believing with you that religion is a matter which lies solely between man and his god...their legislature should make no law respecting an establishment of religion or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; thus building a wall of separation between church and state.† This letter affirmed Jefferson’s belief that church and state should be separated and includes the celebrated phrase, â€Å"a wall of eternal separation† (Maier, 2000). 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Examining Role of Engagement System †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Examining Role of Engagement System. Answer: Introduction The statement derived from this case study is about the roles and responsibilities played by Human Resource Manager in creating organization based on sustainability. In these case studies, it is said in a Hospital, there is a lack of HR department facility and CEO of that Hospital devolved the key responsibilities such as development training, leadership and health management to the middle managers. However, the problem arises that the middle managers do not really know about the roles and responsibilities of the HRM and their implementation on the ground, this resulted to a lack of improvements and it brought a lot of challenges in the field of Hospital. Accordingly this needs to be addressed about how to bring improvements in the roles of HRM. Next case study deals with a hospital where it has a responsible HR manager and take of the administration of the hospital properly. Therefore, against this background it is important to know about the roles of Human Resource Manager in creat ing a sustainable organization. In the Case study of the first hospital, it has been said that due to the absence of a dedicated HR manager, CEO and his finance manager was running the HR facility and they devolved most of the key functions of the HR to the middle managers of the organization. However, the managers has little knowledge about the policies of HR manager, this resulted to the rise of confusion in the field of HRM and increased the industrial disputation and higher level of staff shortages. Therefore, in this regard, it is important to give advices to the CEO to bring improvements in the field of HR manager roles. The senior manager plays an important role in terms of directing the middle managers in the organization. It is the responsibility of the senior managers to train the middle managers properly in terms of executing work properly. Therefore in this respect firstly, the proper senior manager is needed to be recruited to give proper training to the middle managers. Other than this, the middle leadership in terms of devolution of their power of the HR manager needs to be followed properly (Harding, Lee Ford, 2014). It is important to give proper leadership training to the middle managers. It is therefore, significant to extend the development programs of leadership in order to incorporate the managers of all levels where the leaders can learn from each other (Mollick, 2012). In this respect, the mentorship programs can also bring improvements of the leadership development program. It is important for the organization to give feedback to the middle managers about the roles that they are playing of HRM from the executive leaders and also from the employees who are working under him. Therefore, in this sense, providing a very good feedback and giving recognition to their hard work would give them energy in terms of skills of in leadership and also encourage the working of those employees who are working under him (Van, Davis Ventor, 2014; Susaeta Suarez, 2013). The supportive culture of the organization needs to make sure that the practices of Human Resource Manager are linked with middle manager in terms of implementation of HR levels. It includes the rewards and recognition to the middle managers who are working hard and executing their duties properly. With the proper training, if the middle managers implement the policies of HR manager properly it would lead to the job satisfaction, employment turnover would be reduced. For this the middle managers are needed to be aware of the functions of the HR manager and then implement accordingly (Alfes et al., 2013). The middle managers need to start interacting with the employees and understand their issues. He needs to act as a role model for everyone working under him. Human Resource Sustainability It has been stated that there is a crisis facing the Human Resource Management in terms of staff turnovers which are increasing, declining in loyalty and the diminishing in the growth of productivity. Therefore against this background, it is important to identify the key features which can bring improvements in the HR sustainability in an organization (Enhert et al., 2013). The need for Organizational competencies for the success of corporate must be developed systematically. This incorporates building knowledge systematically and making the diverse productivities and building the potential of human knowledge and management. There should be an ongoing investment in gathering skills and knowledge of the corporate sectors (Enhert, Harry Zink, 2014). The organization needs to keep the right balance between the life outside work and work. To acknowledge the significance of acquiring a life balance and work, the quality of working life is important. It has been stated that over 1300 managers stated that the long hour working leaves a negative impact over the workers. Sustainability of the Human Resource is depending on the organization who are pursuing an integrated strategy in which the relations of the employees are added to the planning of the organization and also the process of implementation. It is important for the organization to develop the capabilities of the organization to combine the strategies and vision in order to make the performance better (Kozika Kaizer, 2012). The HR function can become the partners with the senior or line managers in implementation of strategy by forming a link between the market place and boardroom. The HR manager must ensure the efficiency in the organization by making sure the administrative efficiency. The HR functions must be the agent of changes, shaping the culture and the process and that brings improvements and increases the organizations capacity for bringing further transformations. At the lower level, the HR needs to advocate to become the coordinators, integrators and mentors who is looking forward to link and include the capabilities of a human into the structure of the organization and also including the practices of the organization. The main challenge of HR who is responsible to move the organizations in order to adopt the practices based on sustainability towards the strategies of organizations and also a climate needs to be created which would focus on the potentiality. It is the responsibility of the company to build a profitable environment for the managers in order to take care of their community. The HR manager must take care of the common values, recruit people, develop the employees and also establish policies for the works in order to create a sustainable environment in the organization. The increasing number of HR people who are going beyond their traditional roles and now they focused in understanding what pushes the performance of the business and also to concentrate on the capabilities of the employee for the near future. Conclusion Therefore to conclude, it could be state that the role of HR manager is changing with time and space and they are overlooking the traditional ways in order to incorporate more new strategies to bring improvements in the functions of the HR. The middle managers according to the case study are needed to be trained properly so that they can implement the policies of the Human resource more carefully. The recruitment policy needs to be effective in this sense. At the same time, building the HR capability to bring improvements in the culture of organization is important. References Alfes, K., Truss, C., Soane, E. C., Rees, C., Gatenby, M. (2013). The relationship between line manager behavior, perceived HRM practices, and individual performance: Examining the mediating role of engagement.Human resource management,52(6), 839-859. Ehnert, I., Harry, W., Zink, K. J. (2014). Sustainability and HRM. InSustainability and Human Resource Management(pp. 3-32). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. Ehnert, I., Harry, W., Zink, K. J. (Eds.). (2013).Sustainability and human resource management: Developing sustainable business organizations. Springer Science Business Media. Harding, N., Lee, H., Ford, J. (2014). Who is the middle manager?.Human relations,67(10), 1213-1237. Kozica, A., Kaiser, S. (2012). A sustainability perspective on flexible HRM: How to cope with paradoxes of contingent work.management revue, 239-261. Mollick, E. (2012). People and process, suits and innovators: The role of individuals in firm performance.Strategic Management Journal,33(9), 1001-1015. Susaeta, L., Suarez, E., Pin, J. R. (2013). Economic crisis and communication: The role of the HR manager. Van Rensburg, M. J., Davis, A., Venter, P. (2014). Making strategy work: The role of the middle manager.Journal of Management Organization,20(2), 165-186.